Why is important to know what permissions A folder have? how an attacker or Users can abuse permissions?

It is important to know what permissions folders have because they determine which users and processes have access to the files and subdirectories within the folder. If wrong permissions are set on a folder, it can lead to unauthorized access to sensitive data or to the modification or deletion of important files.

An attacker can abuse folder permissions in several ways:

1. Gaining unauthorized access: An attacker may attempt to access a folder that they are not authorized to access, potentially allowing them to view, modify, or delete sensitive files.
2. Modifying file permissions: An attacker with access to a folder may change the permissions on a file, allowing them or other unauthorized users to view, modify, or delete the file.
3. Hiding files: An attacker with access to a folder may hide files within the folder, potentially making them difficult for other users to find or access.
4. Denying access to authorized users: An attacker with permission to modify folder permissions may deny access to users who should have access, preventing them from accessing necessary files.

It is important to set appropriate folder permissions to prevent attackers from gaining unauthorized access to sensitive data or from modifying or deleting important files.

To check folder permissions with PowerShell, you can use the Get-Acl cmdlet to retrieve the access control list (ACL) for a folder, like this:

Get-Acl C:\path\to\folder

This will display the owner of the folder, as well as the permissions that are set for the owner, group, and other users.

To check folder permissions in Linux, you can use the ls -l command to list the contents of a directory, along with their permissions. For example:

ls -l /path/to/folder

This will display a list of the files and subdirectories in the folder, along with their permissions. Each entry will consist of 10 characters, representing the permissions for the owner, group, and other users.

For example, an entry that starts with -rw-rw-r-- means that the file can be read and written to by the owner and group, but can only be read by other users.

You can also use the stat command to display detailed information about the permissions and ownership of a file or folder. For example:

stat /path/to/folder

This will display the permissions, ownership, and other metadata for the folder.

I bet I can come up with a way to make a script that tells me every single folder permission within the system but I am not going to do that now! Haha!

This is all for now! Here are a few resources:

https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.security/get-acl?view=powershell-7.3

https://www.guru99.com/file-permissions.html

PEACE!